Attitude Control & Pointing

Step Response to +10 Degrees

Apply a 10-degree step command and characterize the response: overshoot, settling time, steady-state error.

High school
Time estimate
25–30 min
Complexity
developing
Maturity
pilot ready
Simulator readiness
implemented
Software available now
Available now in one-axis simulator — `ten_degree_step_response` with chart + replay evidence.

Student path

  1. Choose a step size (5°, 10°, or 20°) and a gain preset.
  2. Read the overshoot percentage, settling category, and wheel effort badge.
  3. Switch to the high-gain preset and compare — is it faster? At what cost?
  4. Copy/export your evidence — local-only, teaching model, not real spacecraft PID.

Learning outcomes

Student can measure overshoot and settling time from a step response chart and relate them to controller tuning.

  • Define overshoot and settling time from a step response.
  • Read both values from a provided telemetry chart.
  • Explain how higher controller gain affects overshoot.

Concept primer

Apply a 10-degree step command and characterize the response: overshoot, settling time, steady-state error.

Run ten_degree_step_response experiment; compare charts at default PID settings.

Draw a step response with labelled overshoot, settling time, and steady-state value.

Interactive lab

Teaching-grade software activity slot — not a flight simulator or certified propagator.

Step response lab

How does the spacecraft respond to a step command?

Kp=1.5 Ki=0.1 Kd=0.5

Target angle

10°

Peak angle (with overshoot)

10.8°

Overshoot: 8%Medium wheel effort
Moderate settle (10–30 s)

Stable — acceptable trade-off

Key concept

Overshoot is how far beyond the target the spacecraft goes before settling. Higher gain reaches the target faster but overshoots more and demands more wheel torque (= more power). Too high and the response oscillates.

Local self-check

Assessment (practice only)

Use this as a self-check and discussion starter. It is local-only and not a grade.

Optional: attaches a local summary (completed / quick checks / checklist count).

Quick check

Multiple choice self-check

This is a local self-check to support discussion. It is not a grade.

Quick check: In a step response, overshoot means the spacecraft...

Quick check: Increasing proportional gain in a PID controller typically...

Discussion prompt

Short answer (local only)

Write notes for yourself or your group. Nothing is submitted.

Reflection: For a camera imaging mission, would you prefer low or high gain? Explain in one sentence why.

Checklist

Local checklist self-check

Use this to verify you covered key ideas. Nothing is submitted.

Self-check before moving on:

0 / 3 checked

Local summary

Assessment summary (practice only)

Completion

0 / 4 sections complete

Quick checks

0 / 2 correct

Shown only to support self-check.

Checklist

0 / 3 items checked

Reminder

Local-only practice summary. Not a grade and not submitted anywhere.

What this preview is / is not

Assessment engine v0 boundary note

  • Student view (local practice): use this as a self-check and discussion starter.
  • Local-only preview/practice: your answers are not submitted.
  • No backend, no accounts, no roster, and no LMS integration.
  • Not a grade. No credential or official scoring is implied.
  • Teacher visibility into student answers is not implemented in MVPF8.
  • Evidence runtime engine arrives in Phase 9 (not in this preview).

Capture

Evidence capture (local-only)

Capture what you did, what changed, what you observed, and how you explain it. This stays in your browser unless you copy/share it manually.

Selected inputs

  • Step size: Medium step (+10°)
  • Gain preset: Medium gain (balanced)

Generated outputs

  • Final angle: 10°
  • Peak angle (with overshoot): 10.8°
  • Overshoot: 8%
  • Settling category: Moderate settle (10–30 s)
  • Wheel effort: Medium wheel effort
  • Stability: Stable — acceptable trade-off

Checklist

Evidence checklist

0/3 checked

Evidence artifact (local-only)

Step Response to +10 Degrees

Captured: 2026-05-16T07:38:33.340Z · Level: high_school · Track: attitude_control

Summary

Copyable class summary

Copy a readable summary for class notes, or copy JSON for a structured record. Local-only: nothing is submitted.

Evidence artifact (v1)
Activity: Step Response to +10 Degrees
Track: attitude_control
Learner level: high_school
Captured: 2026-05-16T07:38:33.340Z

Mission brief:
Step: Medium step (+10°). Gain: Medium gain (balanced).

Selected inputs:
- Step size: Medium step (+10°)
- Gain preset: Medium gain (balanced)

Generated outputs:
- Final angle: 10°
- Peak angle (with overshoot): 10.8°
- Overshoot: 8%
- Settling category: Moderate settle (10–30 s)
- Wheel effort: Medium wheel effort
- Stability: Stable — acceptable trade-off

Checklist:
- [ ] I can define overshoot and settling time from a step response.
- [ ] I ran the lab at two different gain settings and compared results.
- [ ] I can explain the trade-off between response speed and smoothness.

Observations:
(not provided)

Reflection:
Step: Medium step (+10°). Overshoot: 8%. Moderate settle (10–30 s).

Model boundary note:
Local-only teaching model — not full 3-axis flight ADCS, not a reaction-wheel safety certification, not remote hardware control, not official attitude determination software. Evidence is not submitted anywhere and is not a grade.

Policy reminder:
- Local-only capture. Not submitted anywhere. Not a grade.

Boundary note

Local-only teaching model — not full 3-axis flight ADCS, not a reaction-wheel safety certification, not remote hardware control, not official attitude determination software. Evidence is not submitted anywhere and is not a grade.

Evidence capture

Expected outputs learners should be able to show after the lab (Phase 9 evidence engine preview available).

  • Chart with overshoot peak marked
  • Numeric or estimated settling time
  • Wheel effort trace if shown

Reflection

Apply a 10-degree step; measure overshoot from the telemetry chart.

Responses are not persisted in this preview unless a specific activity component adds storage later.

Assessment / quick check

If you increase proportional gain, what usually happens to overshoot and why might operators care?

Teacher notes

Bridge to tuning ethics: fast but gentle on actuators and power.

Teacher use

Bridge to tuning trade-offs: faster is not always better. High gain = fast settle + high overshoot + high wheel effort + power draw + saturation risk. Use the stability warning on the high-gain preset as a real-world caution. These are teaching-grade gain categories, not calibrated PID engineering values.

Next activity

Suggested progression from the mission learning path. Links avoid missing activity routes.