Communication / Ground Link

Line-of-Sight Communication

Decide whether a satellite is visible from a chosen ground station above a minimum elevation, and read a teaching-grade contact-duration label.

High school
Time estimate
20–25 min
Complexity
developing
Maturity
pilot ready
Simulator readiness
implemented
Software available now
Implemented — interactive line-of-sight + minimum-elevation teaching lab at `/twin/learn/activities/comm_line_of_sight_basics`. Not orbit propagation, not licensed link planning.

Student path

  1. Pick a ground station, pass scenario, and minimum elevation angle.
  2. Read the visible / marginal / not visible verdict and the reason.
  3. Note the approximate contact-duration label and what it means for operations.
  4. Copy/export evidence — local-only, teaching geometry, not orbit propagation.

Learning outcomes

Student can explain why ground-station contact depends on satellite visibility above the horizon and on a minimum elevation angle.

  • Explain the line-of-sight requirement for ground-station contact.
  • Describe how a higher minimum elevation angle shortens or eliminates a pass.
  • Connect contact duration to operational planning (uplink commands, downlink data).

Concept primer

Decide whether a satellite is visible from a chosen ground station above a minimum elevation, and read a teaching-grade contact-duration label.

Open the Line-of-Sight Communication lab at `/twin/learn/activities/comm_line_of_sight_basics` — browser-local teaching model (not orbit propagation, not licensed link planning).

Sketch a side-view of Earth, ground station, and satellite at three positions; mark which positions are above a 10° horizon mask.

Interactive lab

Teaching-grade software activity slot — not a flight simulator or certified propagator.

Interactive lab

Line-of-sight contact (teaching)

Choose a ground station, a satellite pass scenario, and a minimum elevation angle. The teaching model returns a visible / marginal / not visible verdict and an approximate contact-duration label. Not orbit propagation, not licensed link planning.

Pass geometry (teaching)

Pass max elevation
85°
Nominal pass duration
9 min
Minimum elevation mask
10°

Visibility verdict

Visible

Pass climbs well above the 10° mask — solid line of sight for most of the pass geometry.

Approx. contact: 8.9 min (long)

Long contact — the best window of the day for downlinking payload backlog.

Local self-check

Assessment (practice only)

Use this as a self-check and discussion starter. It is local-only and not a grade.

Optional: attaches a local summary (completed / quick checks / checklist count).

Quick check

Multiple choice self-check

This is a local self-check to support discussion. It is not a grade.

Quick check: Why does a CubeSat usually see a single ground station only briefly per orbit?

Quick check: Raising the minimum elevation angle from 5° to 20° usually…

Discussion prompt

Short answer (local only)

Write notes for yourself or your group. Nothing is submitted.

Short answer: Pick the pass scenario in this lab where contact was shortest and explain why.

Checklist

Local checklist self-check

Use this to verify you covered key ideas. Nothing is submitted.

Checklist: Line-of-sight readiness (self-check)

0 / 4 checked

Local summary

Assessment summary (practice only)

Completion

0 / 4 sections complete

Quick checks

0 / 2 correct

Shown only to support self-check.

Checklist

0 / 4 items checked

Reminder

Local-only practice summary. Not a grade and not submitted anywhere.

What this preview is / is not

Assessment engine v0 boundary note

  • Student view (local practice): use this as a self-check and discussion starter.
  • Local-only preview/practice: your answers are not submitted.
  • No backend, no accounts, no roster, and no LMS integration.
  • Not a grade. No credential or official scoring is implied.
  • Teacher visibility into student answers is not implemented in MVPF8.
  • Evidence runtime engine arrives in Phase 9 (not in this preview).

Capture

Evidence capture (local-only)

Capture what you did, what changed, what you observed, and how you explain it. This stays in your browser unless you copy/share it manually.

Selected inputs

  • Ground station preset: Mid-latitude station
  • Pass scenario: High-overhead pass (good geometry)
  • Minimum elevation mask: 10°

Generated outputs

  • Pass max elevation (preset): 85°
  • Nominal pass duration (preset): 9 min
  • Visibility verdict: visible
  • Reason: Pass climbs well above the 10° mask — solid line of sight for most of the pass geometry.
  • Approx. usable contact: 8.9 min
  • Contact-duration label: long

Checklist

Evidence checklist

0/4 checked

Evidence artifact (local-only)

Line-of-Sight Communication

Captured: 2026-05-16T07:38:33.072Z · Level: high_school · Track: communication_ground_link

Summary

Copyable class summary

Copy a readable summary for class notes, or copy JSON for a structured record. Local-only: nothing is submitted.

Evidence artifact (v1)
Activity: Line-of-Sight Communication
Track: communication_ground_link
Learner level: high_school
Captured: 2026-05-16T07:38:33.072Z

Mission brief:
Teaching geometry of ground-station visibility and minimum-elevation masks (not orbit propagation, not licensed link planning).

Selected inputs:
- Ground station preset: Mid-latitude station
- Pass scenario: High-overhead pass (good geometry)
- Minimum elevation mask: 10°

Generated outputs:
- Pass max elevation (preset): 85°
- Nominal pass duration (preset): 9 min
- Visibility verdict: visible
- Reason: Pass climbs well above the 10° mask — solid line of sight for most of the pass geometry.
- Approx. usable contact: 8.9 min
- Contact-duration label: long

Checklist:
- [ ] Picked a ground station, pass scenario, and minimum elevation
- [ ] Read the visible / marginal / not visible verdict
- [ ] Recorded the approximate contact duration label
- [ ] Treated this as teaching geometry, not real pass prediction

Observations:
(not provided)

Reflection:
Why this pass scenario is short / long enough for a useful contact.

Model boundary note:
Local-only teaching model — not a certified RF link budget, not ITU/regulatory analysis, not licensed radio operations, not real satellite command, no SDR or remote hardware. Evidence is not submitted anywhere and is not a grade.

Policy reminder:
- Local-only capture. Not submitted anywhere. Not a grade.

Boundary note

Local-only teaching model — not a certified RF link budget, not ITU/regulatory analysis, not licensed radio operations, not real satellite command, no SDR or remote hardware. Evidence is not submitted anywhere and is not a grade.

Evidence capture

Expected outputs learners should be able to show after the lab (Phase 9 evidence engine preview available).

  • Ground station + pass scenario + minimum elevation chosen
  • Visible / not visible result with reason (below horizon / low elevation / good pass)
  • Approximate contact-duration label
  • Local self-check summary and copied evidence text

Reflection

Pick a ground station preset, choose a satellite pass scenario, and adjust the minimum elevation angle; observe whether contact is possible and approximate duration.

Responses are not persisted in this preview unless a specific activity component adds storage later.

Assessment / quick check

Why does a ground station only see a CubeSat for a short window each pass, and why does minimum elevation matter?

Teacher notes

Stress that contact is not continuous — a CubeSat sees most ground stations only during short passes when the satellite is above the horizon at sufficient elevation.

Teacher use

Anchor on line of sight + minimum elevation: a CubeSat is only “visible” when it is above the horizon at sufficient elevation. Stress that this lab is teaching geometry — not orbit propagation, not a licensed link plan.

Next activity

Suggested progression from the mission learning path. Links avoid missing activity routes.